{"id":15,"date":"2024-06-15T18:03:48","date_gmt":"2024-06-15T18:03:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/?page_id=15"},"modified":"2025-03-20T21:18:16","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T21:18:16","slug":"early-years","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/","title":{"rendered":"Early Years"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-15\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-15-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\" ><div class=\"so-rounded siteorigin-panels-stretch panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-15-0\" data-stretch-type=\"full\" ><div id=\"pgc-15-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-15-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p><span class=\"\" style=\"display:block;clear:both;height: 0px;padding-top: 100px;border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-15-0-0-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div class=\"so-rounded panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-15-0-0-1\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 32px;\"><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 60px; color: #3366ff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 80px;\">Ladies of Skydiving<br \/>\n<\/span><br \/>\nThe Early Years<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 40px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 50px; color: #3366ff;\">1799---1942<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"\" style=\"display:block;clear:both;height: 0px;padding-top: 200px;border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;\"><\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-15-1\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\" ><div class=\"siteorigin-panels-stretch panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-15-1\" data-stretch-type=\"full\" ><div id=\"pgc-15-1-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-15-1-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"2\" >The early history of women safely falling from great heights may have begun in China more than a thousand years ago with acrobats using two\u00a0large conical bamboo hats\u00a0to descend safely. The first Western woman in modern history to do so is the wife of the first man to safely use a frame-less parachute.<\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-15-2\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\" ><div class=\"siteorigin-panels-stretch panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-15-2\" data-stretch-type=\"full\" ><div id=\"pgc-15-2-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block panel-first-child\" data-index=\"3\" ><div>\n<h1><center>Biographies<\/strong><\/h1><\/center>\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_media_image\" data-index=\"4\" ><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"852\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Monsieur_and_Madame_Garnerin_by_Christoph_Haller_von_Hallerstein_1771_-_1839-1-1024x852-1.jpg\" class=\"image wp-image-274  attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" title=\"Jeanne-Genevi\u00e8ve Garnerin\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Monsieur_and_Madame_Garnerin_by_Christoph_Haller_von_Hallerstein_1771_-_1839-1-1024x852-1.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Monsieur_and_Madame_Garnerin_by_Christoph_Haller_von_Hallerstein_1771_-_1839-1-1024x852-1-300x250.jpg 300w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Monsieur_and_Madame_Garnerin_by_Christoph_Haller_von_Hallerstein_1771_-_1839-1-1024x852-1-768x639.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monsieur and Madame Garnerin<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-2\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-headline\" data-index=\"5\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-headline so-widget-sow-headline-default-3fd23974d109-15\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t><div class=\"sow-headline-container \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"sow-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tJeanne-Genevi\u00e8ve Garnerin <br \/> (1775\u20131847)\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"decoration\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"decoration-inside\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-3\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"6\" >\n\n\nJeanne-Genevi\u00e8ve Labrosse was born in Paris France in 1775.<br>\nThe exact date of her birth, details about her parents, any siblings and her childhood are unclear.<br>\nOn the historic day, October 22, 1797, when Andr\u00e9-Jacques Garnerin performed his hydrogen balloon flight at Parc Monceau,\nParis, Jeanne witnessed him make his first parachuting descent and approached him upon landing to become his pupil.<br> Jeanne-\nGenevi\u00e8ve had also fallen that day, fallen in love with Andr\u00e9-Jacques; they soon became husband and wife.\n<p>\nFinding in Andr\u00e9-Jacques a kindred spirit, Jeanne-Genevi\u00e8ve\ndid indeed become his pupil, and his wife, the first woman balloon\npilot and first lady parachutist. Jeanne proved herself a natural\nballoonist and was the first woman to undertake a solo ascent,\nmaking Jeanne Genevi\u00e8ve Garnerin the first female aircraft pilot!\nMotivated by her successful balloon flights, she set her sights on\nanother ambition, determined to be the first woman to parachute\ndown from a balloon to the earth. Using her tutor's tried and tested\nmethods and with much fanfare, Jeanne made her first descent on\nOctober 12, 1799, proving beyond a doubt to the press and to the\npublic that they need not fear about the possible damage high\naltitudes and rapid descents might cause to the \u201cdelicate female\nconstitution.\u201d\n<\/p>\n<p>\nJeanne-Genevi\u00e8ve became the first woman to parachute, falling\nfrom a height of 900 meters, becoming an aeronautical pioneer and\nan instant celebrity. This first female parachutist dropped from a\nballoon using an apparatus that her husband had developed. Her\nachievement was celebrated throughout France and the continent\nof Europe.<br>\nAndr\u00e9-Jacques held the position of Official Aeronaut of France\nand was unofficially known as the \u201cA\u00e9rostatier des F\u00eates Publiques\u201d\nThe couple took advantage of a lull in hostilities during the Peace of\nAmiens and traveled to England in 1802. They completed a number\nof demonstration flights there. Their first flight, ascending from the\nVolunteer Ground in North Audley Street, Grosvenor Square\nincluded a parachute descent by Andr\u00e9-Jacques into a field near St\nPancras. Once again, the public demonstrations proved enormously\npopular, drawing massive crowds.\nJeanne outdid herself when she accompanied her husband on\nhis third flight over London; she performed a parachute drop from\nan estimated 8,000 feet. Having a keen eye for public relations,\nAndr\u00e9-Jacques had previously invited the young and beautiful\nCitoyenne Henri for a balloon trip in the summer of 1798, so he\nknew the promotional value of having the attractive Jeanne-\nGenevi\u00e8ve falling from his balloons. Dropping from a height of\n8,000 feet, much to the wonder and amusement of the Londoners,\nwas truly phenomenal and awe inspiring.\nWhen the war between France and Great Britain resumed in\n1803, the couple were forced to leave England and return to France,\nwhere she continued to make flights and descents. Jeanne-\n<\/p>\n<p>\nGenevi\u00e8ve Garnerin then became the official Aerostiere de F\u00eates\nPubliques for the aeronautical spectacles arranged for Napoleon\u2019s\nbenefit.\nAndr\u00e9-Jacques died in 1823, Jeanne retired from the ballooning\nand parachuting, passing the reins on to her niece \u00c9lisa. After\n\nretiring from show business, ballooning and parachuting, Jeanne-\nGenevi\u00e8ve took on a new career path, one more down to earth, as\n\nco-proprietress of a Table \u2018dhote. She ran the restaurant together\nwith another heroine from the days of the French Revolution and\nthe Napoleonic Wars, Marie-Th\u00e9r\u00e8se Figueur, Madame Sans-G\u00eane,\none of the very few women who had fought in the wars for twenty\nseven years without disguising her gender.\nJeanne-Genevi\u00e8ve (Labrosse) Garnerin died on June 14, 1847 in\nParis, at the age of seventy-two.\nOn October 17, 2006, rue Jeanne-Garnerin was named in her\nhonor in the town of Wissous in France.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-4\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_media_gallery\" data-index=\"7\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-15-2-0-4\" ><h3 class=\"widget-title\">Jean-Genevieve Garnerin<\/h3><div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-15 gallery-columns-6 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/jeanjacquegarnerin\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"275\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/jeanjacquegarnerin.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/jeanjacquegarnerin.webp 500w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/jeanjacquegarnerin-300x165.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/49656219_2253315648032892_940210148306059264_n\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"303\" height=\"392\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/49656219_2253315648032892_940210148306059264_n.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/49656219_2253315648032892_940210148306059264_n.jpg 303w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/49656219_2253315648032892_940210148306059264_n-232x300.jpg 232w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/49656219_2253315648032892_940210148306059264_n-300x388.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 303px) 100vw, 303px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/garnerin2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"643\" height=\"959\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/garnerin2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/garnerin2.jpg 643w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/garnerin2-201x300.jpg 201w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/garnerin2-300x447.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 643px) 100vw, 643px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/maj-garnerin-descending-in-parachute-bettmann\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"666\" height=\"900\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/maj-garnerin-descending-in-parachute-bettmann.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/maj-garnerin-descending-in-parachute-bettmann.jpg 666w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/maj-garnerin-descending-in-parachute-bettmann-222x300.jpg 222w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/maj-garnerin-descending-in-parachute-bettmann-300x405.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 666px) 100vw, 666px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/early_flight_02561u_4-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Early_flight_02561u_4-2-700x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Early_flight_02561u_4-2-700x1024.jpg 700w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Early_flight_02561u_4-2-205x300.jpg 205w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Early_flight_02561u_4-2-768x1124.jpg 768w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Early_flight_02561u_4-2-300x439.jpg 300w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Early_flight_02561u_4-2.jpg 972w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/ascension_de_madame_garnerin_le_28_mars_1802_v2_lib_of_congress\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"478\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Ascension_de_Madame_Garnerin_le_28_mars_1802_v2_Lib_of_Congress-1024x699.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Ascension_de_Madame_Garnerin_le_28_mars_1802_v2_Lib_of_Congress-1024x699.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Ascension_de_Madame_Garnerin_le_28_mars_1802_v2_Lib_of_Congress-300x205.jpg 300w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Ascension_de_Madame_Garnerin_le_28_mars_1802_v2_Lib_of_Congress-768x525.jpg 768w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Ascension_de_Madame_Garnerin_le_28_mars_1802_v2_Lib_of_Congress-1536x1049.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Ascension_de_Madame_Garnerin_le_28_mars_1802_v2_Lib_of_Congress.jpg 1738w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-5\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_media_image\" data-index=\"8\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1733\" height=\"2560\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon3-1-scaled.jpg\" class=\"image wp-image-158  attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" title=\"Jeanne-Genevi\u00e8ve Garnerin\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon3-1-scaled.jpg 1733w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon3-1-203x300.jpg 203w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon3-1-693x1024.jpg 693w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1733px) 100vw, 1733px\" \/><\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-6\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"9\" >\n<\/div>\n<h1><center>Sophie Blanchard(1778 \u20131819)<\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAlthough she may have never actually jumped in a parachute herself, French aeronaut Sophie Blanchard did, during the turn of eighteenth\/nineteenth century, perform early parachuting experiments, parachuting dogs and launching pyrotechnic parachutes from hot-air and hydrogen balloons. Sophie\u2019s chief rival at the time was \u00c9lisa Garnerin- first professional woman parachutist and neice of Andre-Jacques Garnerin, who is credited with being the inventor of the frameless parachute, first parachutist and husband of the first lady parachutist, Sophie Blanchard is believed to be the first lady professional balloonist. She was a favorite of both Napoleon Bonaparte and Louis XVIII. In 1819, she become the first woman to be killed in an aviation accident. Born Marie Madeleine-Sophie Armant at Trois-Canons on March 25th 1778 near Yves France, Sophie married Jean-Pierre Blanchard, a early balloon designer and one of the first men to fly over the English Channel in a hydrogen balloon, in 1802. Sophie made her first ascent two days after Christmas 1804 with Blanchard in Marseilles. Sophie was not the first woman balloonist; (Elizabeth Thible made an ascent to entertain Gustav III of Sweden in Lyon on June 4, 1784). Sophie was the first woman to pilot her own balloon and is credited as the first lady professional balloonist. In 1809, Sophie\u2019s husband Jean-Pierre suffered a heart attack, fell from his balloon and was killed in the Hague. After his death, beset by debt, Sophie continued to make ascents, specializing in night flights, often staying aloft all night, sometimes sleeping in her balloon. She once passed out and nearly froze at altitude above Turin after ascending to avoid a hailstorm. She nearly drowned after dropping into a swamp in Naples. Sophie made long-distance trips in Italy, crossed the Alps and did everything her husband had hoped to do himself. She paid off his debts and made a reputation for herself. She seemed to accept the risks of her career. Despite the extreme danger, she would set off pyrotechnics beneath her hydrogen balloon. She became a favorite of Napoleon\u2019s, who made her the \u201cAeronaut of the Official Festivals.\u201d Napoleon also appointed her Chief Air Minster of ballooning, and she worked on plans for an aerial invasion of England by French troops in balloons. When the French monarchy was restored four years later, King Louis XVIII named her \u201cOfficial Aeronaut of the Restoration.\u201dOn the evening of July 6, 1819, at the age of 41, Marie Madeleine-Sophie Armant Blanchard made her last flight. A crowd of thousands had gathered for a show at the Tivoli Gardens in Paris. Sophie rose from the lawn to music and fireworks. She had planned to do her \u201cBengal Fire\u201d demonstration, a slow-burning pyrotechnics display. As she mounted her balloon she said, \u201cAllons, ce sera pour la derniere fois<\/em>\u201d (\u201cLet\u2019s go, this will be for the last time\u201d). Her hydrogen balloon caught fire and Sophie, fell to her death. \u201cSophie was more at home in the sky than on the ground, where her nervous disposition meant she was easily startled.She was terrified of loud noises and of riding in carriages, but was fearless in the air<\/em>.\u201d <\/p>\n\n<\/center>\nSophie Armant Blanchard\n(1778\u20131819)\n\nMarie Madeleine-Sophie Armant was born at Trois-Canons\nnear Yves, France on March 25, 1778. Sophie married pioneering\nballoon designer and one of the first men to fly over the English\nChannel in a balloon, Jean-Pierre Blanchard sometime between\n1797 and 1804, depending on various sources, likely 1802. He had\nreportedly abandoned his first wife Victoire and their four children\nduring the same year as his first balloon flight\u20141784.\nSophie Blanchard has been described by various sources as\n\u201cugly\u201d or \u201cbeautiful\u201d depending on which source, but all historians\nseem to agree that she was \u201csmall and nervous\u201d and \u201chappier in the\nair than on the ground\u201d. Whatever the case, Sophie is considered\nthe first professional lady balloonist and an amazing aerial\nperformer.\nNo records seem to exist, showing that she ever used a\nconventional parachute to descend herself but she did perform\nmany parachuting experiments and stunts, dropping animals,\nincluding her own house cat, and also dropping pyrotechnics. She,\nhowever did land safely under a very unconventional \u201cparachute\u201d\nwhen her balloon ruptured and ripped open, but instead of her\nbeing dashed upon the ground, the fabric became a canopy, caught\nair and lowered her alive to the ground.\n\n41\n\nLadies of Skydiving Volume. One\n\nSophie made her first ascent two days after Christmas of 1804\nwith Jean-Pierre Blanchard in Marseilles France. Sophie was not\nthe first woman balloonist; Elizabeth Thible made an ascent to\nentertain Gustav III of Sweden in Lyon France on June 4, 1784 and\nCitoyenne Henri had flown with Andr\u00e9-Jacques Garnerin in the\nsummer of 1798. Sophie was the second woman to pilot her own\nballoon, following Jeanne-Genevi\u00e8ve Labrosse Garnerin, but is\ncredited as being the first lady professional balloonist.\nIn 1809, Sophie\u2019s husband Jean-Pierre, after suffering a serious\nhead injury during a previous balloon accident, suffered a heart\nattack, fell from his balloon and was killed in the Hague,\nNetherlands. After his death, deep in debt, Sophie continued to\nmake ascents, embarking on her own spectacular professional\nexhibition career.\nReplacing Andr\u00e9-Jacques Garnerin as advisor to the Louis XVI,\nSophie even was reported to have assisted Napoleon in planning a\nFrench airborne invasion of England. After Napoleon was defeated\nand imprisoned, Sophie continued in her role, being dubbed the\n\u201cOfficial Aeronaut of the Restoration.\u201d Sophie put on f\u00eates and\nexhibitions throughout Europe. After Garnerin\u2019s death and Jeanne\nGenevi\u00e8ve\u2019s retirement, Garnerin's niece \u00c9lisa became Sophie\u2019s\nbiggest competitor.\nSpecializing in night flights, often staying aloft all night, and\nsometimes sleeping in her balloon, Sophie once passed out from\nhypoxia and nearly froze to death at high altitude above Turin, Italy\nafter ascending to avoid a hailstorm. She nearly drowned after\ndropping into a swamp in Naples, Italy. Sophie made long-distance\n\n42\n\nThe Ladies Make The Scene\ntrips all over Italy, crossed the Alps and did everything her husband\nhad dreamed of doing himself. She paid off his debts and made a\nstellar reputation for herself. She seemed to accept the risks of her\ncareer without reservations.\nBecoming a completely different person in the air, transforming\ninto the role of reckless daredevil, she would set off pyrotechnics\n\nbeneath her hydrogen balloon and perform dangerous, awe-\ninspiring and crowd-pleasing acrobatics. She became the first\n\nwoman to be killed in an aviation accident and a spectacular, fiery\ndeath it was.\nOn the evening of July 6, 1819, at the age of 41, Marie\nMadeleine-Sophie Armant Blanchard made her last flight. A crowd\nof thousands had gathered for a show at the Tivoli Gardens in Paris.\nSophie rose from the lawn to music and fireworks. She had planned\nto do her Bengal Fire demonstration, a slow-burning pyrotechnics\ndisplay. As she mounted her balloon she said\u2014 \u201cAllons, ce sera\npour la derniere fois\u201d (Let\u2019s go, this will be for the last time). Her\nhydrogen balloon caught fire, and Sophie fell to her death.\n\n\u201cSophie was more at home in the sky than on the ground, where\nher nervous disposition meant she was easily startled. She was\nterrified of loud noises and of riding in carriages.\u201d\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-7\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_media_gallery\" data-index=\"10\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-15-2-0-7\" ><h3 class=\"widget-title\">Sophie Blanchard<\/h3><div id='gallery-2' class='gallery galleryid-15 gallery-columns-5 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/sophie_blanchard\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"933\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Sophie_Blanchard-768x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Sophie_Blanchard-768x1024.jpg 768w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Sophie_Blanchard-225x300.jpg 225w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Sophie_Blanchard-300x400.jpg 300w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Sophie_Blanchard.jpg 1053w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/blanchardballoon3\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"693\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon3-693x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon3-693x1024.jpg 693w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon3-203x300.jpg 203w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon3-768x1135.jpg 768w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon3-300x443.jpg 300w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon3.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 693px) 100vw, 693px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/blanchardballoon2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"645\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon2-645x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon2-645x1024.jpg 645w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon2-189x300.jpg 189w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon2-768x1219.jpg 768w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon2-300x476.jpg 300w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blanchardballoon2.jpg 876w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 645px) 100vw, 645px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/early_flight_02561u_7\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Early_flight_02561u_7-700x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Early_flight_02561u_7-700x1024.jpg 700w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Early_flight_02561u_7-205x300.jpg 205w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Early_flight_02561u_7-768x1123.jpg 768w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Early_flight_02561u_7-300x439.jpg 300w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Early_flight_02561u_7.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/blancharddeath\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"435\" height=\"612\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blancharddeath.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blancharddeath.jpg 435w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blancharddeath-213x300.jpg 213w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Blancharddeath-300x422.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 435px) 100vw, 435px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-8\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"11\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\u00c9lisa Garnerin(1791\u20131853)<\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u00c9lisa Garnerin was a French balloonist. She was the niece of the pioneer parachutist\u00a0Andr\u00e9-Jacques Garnerin, and took advantage of his name and of the novelty of a woman performing what were at the time extremely daring feats. She was a determined businesswoman, and at times got into trouble with the police for the disturbance her performances caused.\u00a0Between 1815 and 1836, she toured France, Spain, Italy and other parts of Europe,\u00a0making 39 professional parachute drops.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-9\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_media_gallery\" data-index=\"12\" ><h3 class=\"widget-title\">Elise Garnerin<\/h3><div id='gallery-3' class='gallery galleryid-15 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/pour_la_fete_du_roy_par_elisa_garnerin-1\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Pour_la_fete_du_Roy_Par_Elisa_Garnerin-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/elise_garnerin\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Elise_Garnerin-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/32-574746\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/32-574746-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-10\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"13\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\nMary Breed Hawley Meyer \u201cCarlotta the Lady Aeronaut\u201d \n(1849\u20131932)<\/h2><\/center>\n\nOn July 2, 1883, \u201cCarlotta the Lady Aeronaut<\/em>\u201d making her 180th balloon ascension, saved herself by floating twelve-miles on fragments of the silk balloon  \u201cFlying Cloud<\/em>\u201c; the makeshift parachute carried her to a safe landing. While a wrecked hydrogen balloon may not be a parachute it worked!Mary Breed Hawley Meyers was the first woman in the United States to pilot her own aircraft. She set a world altitude record of four miles (20,000\u2032) without oxygen equipment. She set the record for the most one-woman piloted balloon trips during the 19th century. In 1871 Mary Breed Hawley, a descendant of the Breeds of Boston\u2019s Breed\u2019s Hill, married New York balloon inventor, Carl Myers, a self-taught engineer whose experiments led to a patent for a new kind of balloon fabric\u2014lightweight and impervious to hydrogen gas. Mary decided that she, too, wanted to fly. Her first ascent took place in Little Falls, New York on Main and Second Streets, during the rain. Thinking her own name was not exciting enough for such daring behavior, she took the moniker Carlotta the Lady Aeronaut<\/em> and on July 4, 1880, made her debut as fifteen thousand people, mesmerized by her daring antics, watched from the ground. \u201cAt a little before five o\u2019clock, she stepped bravely into the basket, \u2026and the balloon \u201cAerial\u201d, with its precious freight \u2013 rose slowly and very majestically above the house-tops. At first it was borne northerly, till reaching an upper current, it floated off eastward, remaining in sight until a cloud obscured it. Mrs. Myers took as companions on the voyage four carrier pigeons which she was to let off with news to her Mohawk friends of her flight and of her safe arrival again upon earth.\u201dThat day she became the first American woman to fly solo in a lighter-than-air balloon. In August, she made her second flight, staying aloft in a calm blue sky for more than an hour. The following spring, Mary gave birth to a daughter, who was christened Elizabeth Aerial (little Elizabeth Aerial went on a flight with her mother at the age of three and again when she was seven). The following Fourth of July she opened the balloon season by making two ascensions in one day\u2014the first at Hamilton, New York, and the second at Utica.For thirty years, \u201cCarlotta\u201d made ascensions at special events, and helped test new balloon designs with her husband on their \u201cBalloon Farm\u201d in New York.\u201cShe retires from the field,\u201d Carl announced in 1891 to the public, \u201cwith a record of having made more ascensions than all other women combined throughout the world, and more than any man living in America.\u201d The Myers operated the Balloon Farm for many years. Carl was still riding his sky cycle at the age of sixty-eight, and both he and Mary lived to be over eighty.As a grown woman, daughter Elizabeth Aerial would make exhibition flights on an invention of her father\u2019s, a foot-pedaled dirigible,which he called the \u201cSky Cycle\u201d at the St. Louis Exposition in 1903.  The flights were made inside a large auditorium, and \u201cBessie\u201d was so adept that she could maneuver the craft without hitting the walls or roof of the hall; she left the great outdoors to her mother. <\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-11\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor\" data-index=\"14\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-12\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"15\" >\n\n Jenny Rumary Van Tassel(1864-1892) <\/h1><\/center>\n\nJenny Rumary Van Tassel was no soft, timid, shrinking wife of balloonist \u201cProfessor\u201d\u00a0Park Van Tassel. Described as\u00a0\u00a0big, young, handsome and blonde; on the 4th of July 1888, Jenny, escaped from the detective who had been sent to stop her, climbed into husband\u2019s balloon gondola, rose to\u00a0 6,000\u2032 above Los Angeles and then, without hesitation, launched herself and her 28\u2032 parachute into the air.\u201cIt is only a question of nerve,\u201d said Mrs. Van Tassell, when asked about her exploit. \u201cI made up my mind that I could jump from a balloon\u00a0 and when I make up my mind to do a thing I do it. So, when we were over a clear place, they opened the valve to hold the balloon stationary and give the \u2018chute a start to open a little, and then I said good-by and jumped.<\/p>\n\n\n\nI dropped thirty feet like a shot before the parachute was well open, there was no shock, and I felt no great strain on my arms. I often dreamed of falling immense distances, and I wanted to see how it really was. I ain\u2019t exactly a bird nor an angel, but it\u2019s just about what I imagine the sensation of flying is. It was beautiful! Though I went through that 6000 feet in five and one-quarter minutes, I didn\u2019t seem to be going fast, and never lost my breath. I swung hundreds of feet one side and the other for the first 4000 feet, but after that I just floated down an incline to the ground, and alighted with no more shock than would be caused by jumping off a chair. I wasn\u2019t the least bit frightened from the start. One arm was strapped to the parachute, and there was a belt around my waist, so I could not fall away from the parachute. I only thought about my landing, whether I would drop on a big tree that was just under me, or on a house that I saw. I luckily missed both. I was anxious to get a reputation, and I did, and I expect to make a fortune by jumping from balloons.\u201dOn\u00a0 March 16, 1892, in Dacca, East Bengal,\u00a0she died while landing, after she stuck in a tree at Ramna. She is buried Narinda Christian graveyard in\u00a0Dhaka,\u00a0Bangladesh. Park Van Tassel continued his barnstorming career after the\u00a0 incident. He died in Oakland, Calif., on October 24, 1930, at the age of 78.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-13\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"16\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n Adelaide Bassett(1859-1895)<\/h2><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAdelaide Bassett was the wife of Henry Bassett and was a smoke balloonist in the early 1890s as a student of Captain Orton.She made about 30 ascents in her career and probably completed the first \u201cdouble-aeronaut\u201d para-jump in Europe. On August 5,1895  As her balloon ascended, it struck telegraph lines that destroyed her parachute. She fell 60\u2032 to her death. \u2018FEMALE PARACHUTIST KILLED.\u2018Miss Adelaide Bassett, a London parachutist, was killed in Peterborough yesterday evening. In connection with a fete there had been arranged a balloon ascent and a double parachute descent by Captain Orton and Miss Bassett. The latter\u2019s parachute was broken by a telephone wire on the balloon being released, and as she had consequently no means by which to descend, she jumped from the balloon to the ground and was killed.\u2019(The Aberdeen Weekly Journal, Aberdeen, Scotland, Tuesday, 6 August 1895, p. 6c) <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-14\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_media_gallery\" data-index=\"17\" ><h3 class=\"widget-title\">Mary Breed Hawley<\/h3><div id='gallery-4' class='gallery galleryid-15 gallery-columns-5 gallery-size-medium'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/2-mary_myers_circa_1890\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"249\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-mary_myers_circa_1890-249x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-mary_myers_circa_1890-249x300.jpg 249w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-mary_myers_circa_1890.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 249px) 100vw, 249px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/2-nasm-si-92-1820\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"201\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-NASM-SI-92-1820-201x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-NASM-SI-92-1820-201x300.jpg 201w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-NASM-SI-92-1820-300x447.jpg 300w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-NASM-SI-92-1820.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 201px) 100vw, 201px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/2-myers_guiding_apparatus_for_balloons_1885\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"259\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-Myers_Guiding_Apparatus_for_balloons_1885-300x259.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-Myers_Guiding_Apparatus_for_balloons_1885-300x259.jpg 300w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-Myers_Guiding_Apparatus_for_balloons_1885.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/2-balloon_farm_sep_2009\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-Balloon_Farm_Sep_2009-300x225.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-Balloon_Farm_Sep_2009-300x225.jpg 300w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-Balloon_Farm_Sep_2009.jpg 502w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/2-inflating_myers_airship\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"212\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-Inflating_Myers_airship-300x212.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-Inflating_Myers_airship-300x212.jpg 300w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-Inflating_Myers_airship.jpg 481w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-15\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"18\" >\n\n<\/div>\n Marie Marthe Camille Desinge du Gast(1868-1942)<\/h1> <\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n Marie Marthe Camille Desinge du Gast was born in Paris. A\u00a0balloonist, parachute jumper, fencer, tobogganist, skier, rifle and pistol shot, horse trainer, as well as a concert pianist and singer.\u00a0 \u201cMadame\u201d du Gast and her husband, Jules Crespin, were enthusiastic hot air balloonists; she flew with the\u00a0 pilot\u00a0Louis Capazza. In 1895 she jumped from a\u00a0hot air balloon\u00a0at an elevation of 610 meters (2,000\u00a0ft) using a\u00a0parachute.\u00a0The balloon was one of two used to publicize her husband\u2019s department store,\u00a0Dufayel<\/em>, at public events; he insisted that she use her maiden name, du Gast, to avoid her endeavor appearing as a publicity stunt.She was the second woman to compete in an international motor race and was one of a trio of pioneering French female motoring celebrities of the\u00a0Belle Epoque.<\/em>Surviving an assassination attempt by her daughter and co-conspirators around 1910, she became a recuse until her death in Paris in April 1942. She is buried in the Crespin family tomb at the\u00a0P\u00e8re Lachaise Cemetery\u00a0in Paris <\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-16\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"19\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n K\u00e4the Paulus(1868-1935) <\/h1> <\/center>\n\nK\u00e4the Paulus is said to be the inventor of the folded parachute. She earned her money as an acrobat of the air. She dropped from a hot-air balloon and landed under a parachute. She\u00a0 developed a parachute pack, designed to be worn by pilots. The Prussian Army didn\u2019t show any interest in this before 1916; the common practice was for pilots to shoot themselves or they would jump to their death. Their motto was: \u201cParachutes are for cowards\u201d.<\/p>\n\nThe War Department came to realize that the training was too costly and time-consuming to lose these pilots. K\u00e4the Paulus produced round 7000 parachutes and received the Service Cross for her contribution.On August 5, 1931, Kathe Paulus\u00a0made her final balloon flight at age 63. She had over 510 logged balloon flights and over 150 parachute jumps.K\u00e4the Paulus died on July 26, 1935 after a long illness and\u00a0was buried in the cemetery of the\u00a0Thank You Church Wedding\u00a0in Reinickendorf, Blankestra\u00dfe 12, in the Abbot D-2-32.\u00a0Among those attending her funeral were renown female pilots such as Elly Beinhorn and Hann Reitsch, appreciating her pioneering achievements for females in aviation.Her grave\u00a0is \u201cEhrengrab des Landes\u00a0\u201c(grave of honor of the country).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-17\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"20\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n Aliss Ruby Deveau(1877-196?) <\/h1> <\/center>\n\n Aliss Ruby Deveau was born in Germany, came to this country at the age of four, and was orphaned at an early age. Ruby made her first parachute jump in 1892 at 15 years of age. Billed as the \u201cQueen of the Clouds\u201d, Miss Deveau made 175 jumps;\u00a0on her last parachute jump during\u00a01895 in London, Ontario, she drifted into a chimney and broke\u00a0 her back. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-18\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"21\" >\n\n<\/div>\nEdith Maud Cook(1878 \u2013 1910)<\/h1><\/center>\n\nEdith Maud Cook was born in\u00a0Ipswich,\u00a0Suffolk, the daughter of James Wells Cook, a confectioner and Mary Ann Baker. She\u00a0was a pupil at the\u00a0Bl\u00e9riot\u00a0flying school and at\u00a0Claude Grahame-White\u2019s school at\u00a0Pau, Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es-Atlantiques\u00a0in 1909 or early 1910, where she learned to fly and became the first British woman to pilot a plane.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\nShe died from injuries sustained following a jump from a balloon at\u00a0Coventry\u00a0on 9 July 1910. Her parachute collapsed after a gust of wind blew her on to a factory roof. It was reported that another gust of wind caught the parachute and she fell from the factory roof sustaining serious injuries. She died on the 14th, and her death certificate states the cause of her death as \u201cInternal injuries, broken pelvis and arm, caused by a fall from a parachute. Accidental.\u201d Apparently\u00a0Dolly Shepherd\u00a0had been due to make the jump at Coventry but Cook took her place.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-19\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"22\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\nMaude Broadwick(1885\u20131905)<\/h1>\n\n\n\nBorn in Cincinnati, Ohio on September 22nd 1885, Maude, the future Mrs. Charles Broadwick #1 alienated her family by marrying the parachuting owner of hot air balloons and carnie, whose real name was John Murray.Described as beautiful, Maude was barely twenty years  old and a popular attraction at Riddell\u2019s Southern Carnival Company. She and her husband were scheduled to make an ascension and parachute drop on November 2, 1905 in Buena Vista Park, California. She was standing by to give the signal to cut the rope when the balloon shot up in the air she was caught in the ropes and lifted three hundred feet, hanging there until she dropped to the earth where she was instantly killed by the hard ground. Charles Broadwick cut away from the errant balloon and parachuted to safety. Some witnesses were of the opinion that Maude\u2019s death was a suicide. Maude\u2019s estranged family were not notified of her death. The interment took place on Saturday, November 11, 1905 at Silver Brook Cemetery<\/a>, Anderson, South Carolina. Charles Broadwick went on to adopt Georgia \u201cTiny\u201d Thompson, who became the first woman to perform a parachute drop from an airplane-Tiny Broadwick. After Tiny severed ties with Broadwick, he married Ethel Lillian Knutsen who continued the act but was also was killed in a parachuting accident in 1922.\n\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-20\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"23\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n Elizabeth Mary (Lily) Cove(1886-1906) <\/h1> <\/center>\n\nElizabeth Mary (Lily) Cove was born\u00a0 to a working-class family in London\u2019s east end, threw in her lot with \u2018Captain\u2019 Frederick Bidmead, and ended up dying a dramatic death. Rising in a trapeze attached to a balloon from what was then the football field on West Lane, Haworth,\u00a0 she tried to make the ascent but the balloon\u00a0 would not rise, a tiny tear was found in the fabric. The descent was postponed until two days later, Monday June 11, 1906.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThis time the balloon was able to lift. Lily theatrically tore off her skirt, revealing bloomers beneath, then strapped herself into her harness, and began to ascend on the trapeze. The wind began to blow her towards Ponden, and as Lily neared the vast expanse of Ponden Reservoir, she was seen to shrug out of her harness and plummet to the ground in a field behind Ponden Hall. Although there was\u00a0 speculation that Lily may have committed suicide, it is likely that her known fear of drowning prompted her to try to escape before she was over the water. A Mr Cowling Heaton,\u00a0 seeing her falling body, rushed to the spot and gathered her\u00a0 into his arms, saying, \u2018My good woman, if you can speak, do\u2019. Lily\u2019s eyes were open, there was no answer, and she died immediately from multiple fractures and internal injuries. She was just 21.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-21\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"24\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n Elizabeth \u2018Dolly\u2019 Shepherd(1887-1983)<\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nIn the same year the Wright Brothers flew, Elizabeth \u2018Dolly\u2019 Shepherd volunteered to take the place of\u00a0Buffalo Bill Cody\u2019s wife\u00a0during his Wild West Show in London putting on a blindfold to have the showman shoot a plaster egg from her head. The next year, Cody expressing his thanks, took the 17 year old Shepherd to Auguste Gaudron\u2019s aerial workshop. Using the new stage name of Dolly, began doing exhibition parachute jumps from so-called\u00a0smoke balloons.\u00a0<\/em>Despite a number of close calls, she not only survived an eight year career as Britain\u2019s \u201cQueen of the Air\u201d, but a few years before her death in 1983, (at age 96), she flew with the Red Devils, whose modern parachuting techniques she greatly admired.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-22\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"25\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n Bessie Coleman(1887-1983) <\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\nBessie Coleman was born January 26th in Atlanta, Texas to Susan and George Coleman, who were cotton farmers.\u00a0 George left Bessie, her mother and 12 siblings when she was 9. Bessie completed all eight grades in a one-room school and at 12, began attending the Missionary Baptist Church in Texas; after graduation she attended the Oklahoma Colored Agricultural and Normal University.<\/p>\n\n\n\nAt the age of 23, Bessie Coleman went to Chicago to stay with her brother who one day said \u201cI know something that you\u2019ll never do \u2013 Fly!\u201d Bessie decided right then and there that she would become the first black woman to earn a pilot\u2019s license. United States flying schools denied her the chance so she taught herself French and enrolled in France\u2019s Ecole d\u2019Aviation des Freres Cadron et Le Crotoy of Gaston and Rene\u2019 Caudron, earning her license in just seven months. On September 3, 1922 at Curtiss Field near New York, in Glenn Curtiss\u2019s Jenny, the first public flight by an African-American woman in America was done by Bessie Coleman! Specializing in stunt flying and parachuting, she earned a living barnstorming and performing aerial tricks. On\u00a0her third exhibition on\u00a0 October 15, 1922 after a series of flights, she performed a perfect Richthofen glide and loop-the-loops. During a show in Wharton, Texas, a woman parachutist failed to show and \u201cBrave Bessie\u201ddonned a parachute and jumped in her place. She\u00a0raised money to open an African-American flying school by giving lectures.On April 30, 1926, Bessie Coleman\u2019s life ended in Jacksonville FL. at\u00a0Paxon airfield when\u00a0she asked mechanic\/pilot William D. Wills to\u00a0take the controls\u00a0so she could study the field for a good\u00a0site to parachute. At 2,000 feet, a lose wrench jammed the controls, the plane suddenly flipped and Bessie, who was not wearing a seat belt or a parachute, fell to her death. Wills, who was strapped in the plane, died when it crashed to the ground not far from Bessie.\u00a0Since 1931, each year, on April 30th, the Challenger Pilots\u2019 Association of Chicago fly over her grave at Lincoln Cemetery. In 1977, women pilots in Chicago established the Bessie Coleman Aviators Club. In 1995, the U.S. Postal Service issued a \u201cBessie Coleman\u201d stamp and\u00a0O\u2019Hare International Airport (ORD)\u00a0\u00a0is located at 1000 Coleman Drive.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-23\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"26\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n \u201cMadame Cayat de Castella\u201dLucienne Blaise(1887-1983) <\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nLucienne Blaise was a French parachutist, who died on July 26, 1914 at Stockel racecourse (near Brussels) during a demonstration flight, she found it impossible to deploy her parachute; her previous jump on May 17 had gone perfectly.<\/p>\n\n\n\nOnly 22 years old, she was the first french woman to parachute from a plane in 1913 , the same year the American \u201cTiny\u201d Broadwick. Testing one of the canopies made by her husband Georges Cayat, she was tied by three leather straps under the tail, the parachute being fastened under one wing and connected by another harness to her armpits; her hands were wrapped in rags so as not to be injured by the cables to which she clung. Her husband, inventor of an air-assisted opening system, detached it at an altitude of 800 meters, while her face was only 50 centimeters away from the propeller.(Note: some confusion on names and dates, still to be sorted.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-24\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"27\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \u201cEthel Dare\u201dDeborah DeCostello(1893-1920) <\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nDeborah DeCostello was only seventeen, when on October 1st, during a jump she drowned as high winds carried her out in Lake Michigan. Details are unclear whether the winds were misjudged or before she was ready to drop, the rope was accidentally cut.<\/p>\n\n\n\nThe pilot\u00a0 made\u00a0 a few attempts to snag the Deborah once she started drifting out over the lake. Rescue craft were dispatched from the U.S. Lifesaving Station at Sleeping Bear Point, but were unable to locate DeCostello for 6 days.No family members could be located so money was raised for her funeral and tombstone by selling a diamond ring found on her body. She was buried in St. Philip\u2019s cemetery, at the very west edge of the cemetery near the center from where she started her final flight.Her tombstone simply reads \u201cDeborah DeCostello, 1893-1920.\u201dThere were at least two other \u201cEthel Dare\u201ds during that time,\u00a0 Ethel Gilmore, killed during a jump in 1924 and Margaret Potteiger \/Margie Hobbs -\u201cThe Flying Witch\u201d (died 1970). Whether or not they worked together or even knew each other is speculative at best.Who was the \u2018real\u2019 Ethel\u00a0Dare?<\/a><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-25\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"28\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n Georgia Ann \u201cTiny\u201d Broadwick(1893-1978) <\/h1><\/center>\n\nAt the age of 15, Georgia Ann \u201cTiny\u201d Thompson convinced a neighbor to take her to see \u201cThe Broadwicks and Their Famous French Aeronauts,\u201d who dropped from a hot air balloon and descended using a parachute. Tiny persuaded Broadwick to let her join his crew of aerial performers. Considered \u201d The First Lady of Parachuting\u201d, Tiny is the first woman to jump from an airplane and the first person to intentionally delay her opening by using a ripcord.<\/p>\n\n\n\nTiny was born Georgia Ann Thompson on a farm in Granville County North Carolina to George and Emma Ross Thompson on April 8, 1893. The last of seven daughters,\u00a0weighing only 3 pounds, she was given the nickname \u201cTiny\u201d due to her small size; Tiny reached only 4\u2032 1\u2033 and weighed in at 80 pounds as an adult. Tiny\u2019s early life was one of hardship; her parents raised pigs and chickens and Tiny worked the tobacco fields. At the age of six, due to a drop in farm prices, the Thompsons were forced to give up their farm, taking work at the Harriet Cotton Mill in nearby Henderson. Tiny married William Aulsie Jacobs when she was only twelve and a short time later was pregnant with her only child, Verla. Her husband soon abandoned her and Verla, forcing Tiny\u00a0take a job working 12 to 14 hour shifts at the mill, earning forty cents per day. She would walk home twice a day to nurse her child and return to complete her shift.Tiny\u2019s life of boredom and drudgery would soon come to an end though. In the spring of 1908, Tiny convinced a neighbor to take her to Raleigh to the Johnny J. Jones Exposition Shows to see\u00a0\u201cThe Broadwicks and Their Famous French Aeronauts,\u201d which featured a stunt performer named Charles Broadwick\u00a0(aka: John Murray) who\u00a0dropped\u00a0from a hot air balloon and descended using a parachute. \u00a0Tiny convinced Broadwick that she could do a better job than him. \u201cWhen I seen this balloon go up, I knew that\u2019s all I wanted to do! I hung around until they came back to the lot where the balloon had left\u00a0from and told them I wanted to join them. I was hell-bound and determined to get in that act!\u201d\u00a0Talking up her small frame and assuring him that she could manage a light and easy descent to the ground without trouble. Tiny persuaded Broadwick to let her join his crew of aerial performers. Charles Broadwick needed some convincing but knew a good thing when he saw it. Promising to send money back for Tiny\u2019s daughter Verla, he was able\u00a0to get her parent\u2019s permission; her\u00a0mother eventually agreeing to give the arrangement a trial. Charles Broadwick \u201cadopted\u201d the 15 year old\u00a0girl since it was not considered proper for a young woman to\u00a0travel with an unrelated older man.\u00a0Miss Tiny Broadwick, the World\u2019s Most Daring Aviatrice-Parachutistl\u201d was born.\u00a0The teenage parachutist and Charles Broadwick traveled all over the country with the Johnny J. Jones Carnival Co.\u00a0Billed as the the Doll Girl because of her small size, she performed in ruffled bloomers,\u00a0a silk dress with pink bows \u00a0in her hair; an outfit the rough and tumble Tiny hated.\u00a0Tiny made her first parachute jump before the act\u00a0left Raleigh; landing\u00a0right in the middle of a big blackberry bush! Described this way, \u201cI tell you, honey, it was the most wonderful sensation in the world!\u201d \u00a0\u201cTiny Broadwick\u201d became an instant headliner.\u00a0They traveled all over the United States with the popular balloon act, during which the fearless Tiny performed daring drops\u00a0often under multiple\u00a0parachutes, sometimes with flares or torches. She had several harrowing mishaps, including fires during her career; landing \u00a0on top \u00a0of a train, getting tangled in a windmill and high tension wires and\u00a0many rough landings\u00a0during\u00a0which she broke several\u00a0bones and dislocated her shoulder on several occasions, she never lost her enthusiasm for dropping. As far as payment and money for her daughter Tiny was quite often given\u00a0a Coke and a candy bar, or sometimes pocket change. Charles Broadwick was not a good financial manager.In 1912, on a field south of downtown Los Angeles,\u00a0the third Dominguez Air Meet,\u00a0the greatest aviation event in the United States was being held. The absolute cream of the flying world including designer Glenn Curtiss, famed stunt flyer and future manufacturer Glenn Martin, pilot Lincoln Beachey would be there; having\u00a0moved west the year before,\u00a0Charles Broadwick and Tiny\u00a0would also be in attendance.\u00a0She met Orville Wright who told her, \u201cI\u2019m glad you\u2019re interested in aviation,\u201d to which she replied, \u201cI\u2019m mostly interested in parachutes.\u201d One day at the Los Angeles air meet, Tiny met airplane manufacturer Glenn L. Martin, who had\u00a0picked her up in\u00a0one of his airplanes after an off-field landing,\u00a0Tiny\u2019s first airplane ride, and it proved to be a turning point in her life. He proposed that she drop\u00a0from one of his airplanes; \u201cjumping\u201d at the\u00a0chance, she agreed without hesitation. On June 21, 1913, Tiny hung from a trapeze type swing suspended under the right side of Martin\u2019s airplane just behind the wing. Her parachute, developed by Charles Broadwick, was on a shelf above her, and when the plane was at 2,000 feet over Los Angeles, Tiny released a lever that made the seat release from under her. The parachute, which was attached to the airplane by a thin(static) line, opened automatically, and she parachuted safely to earth, landing in Griffith Park making her the first woman to parachute from an airplane.Two reporters were on hand and wrote stories about this\u00a0eventful day. \u201d \u2026 Tiny Broadwick \u2026crossed the great divide between the clouds and the earth,\u201d wrote Grace Wilcox. \u201cWhen she was ready to drop, Martin touched my shoulder,\u201d Bonnie Glessner, wrote,\u00a0\u201cI faced about and turned my eyes on the face of the child. She was clambering over the side of the machine as though it were stationary. Once over, she clung tenaciously, her eyes fixed on Martin, who was just then looking down over the side of the aeroplane.\u00a0The signal came while he watched below. Just the slight movement of his hand but the girl understood and her lips formed a \u2018goodbye\u2019 which I sensed rather than heard. Smiling at me, she stepped off into space, not even a tremor of the machine showing she was gone.\u201d \u201c\u2026 as I watched with thickly beating heart, this nervy little girl stepped calmly over the edge of the aeroplane a thousand feet in the air, and with a brave little smile, plunged earthward.\u201d\u00a0That same year, she became the first women jump from a hydroplane and also the first to parachute into water; she emerged from Lake Michigan soaking wet to\u00a0present \u00a0a wreath to Governor Edward F. Dunn of Illinois.In 1914, she demonstrated a parachute to the US Army;\u00a0her reputation as a parachutist and Broadwick\u2019s \u201ccoatpack\u201d led to the\u00a0military\u00a0into contacting her, Charles Broadwick and Glenn Martin about a formal demonstration. Many pilots in Europe were being killed \u00a0because they had no way to escape from a disabled\u00a0airplane.\u00a0Tiny was asked to demonstrate how to \u00a0parachute\u00a0from a military airplane; she made four jumps at San Diego\u2019s North Island. On\u00a0her fourth drop, her parachute\u2019s line became tangled in the airplane\u2019s tail assembly and the slipstream\u00a0prevented her from getting back in the airplane. Tiny\u00a0cut the line to a short length and free fell toward the ground, then pulling the line by hand to open the parachute. This was the first planned free-fall descent, and the first deployment by use\u00a0of\u00a0a\u00a0\u201crip cord\u201d.\u00a0She had proven that a pilot could return to the ground safely by bailing out of an airplane. As a result, she also became the first person to ever free-fall from an aircraft.\u00a0The day after the Broadwick demonstration, the San Diego Union carried the following: \u201c\u2026Brigadier General George P. Scriven, chief signal officer, USA,\u00a0has recommended the purchase of a number of parachutes \u2026.\u201d\u00a0In those days, fires in airplanes were common that, in fear of a fiery end,\u00a0some pilots carried pistols to commit suicide; others chose to jump to a quick death.\u00a0If a pilot had Broadwick\u2019s static-line parachute, however, he might have a chance at escaping a burning airplane.\u201d\u00a0She made \u00a0jumps at the\u00a01915 and 1916 San Diego World\u2019s Fairs.Tiny married Harry Brown in 1916 and stopped parachuting for four years; that marriage ended in divorce as did her 1912 marriage to\u00a0Andrew Olsen. She also severed her relationship with Charles Broadwick during that period. She continued to go by the name of Georgia Brown until her death; she considered Broadwick to be her \u201cstage\u2019 name. She returned to jumping again\u00a0in 1920 for two more years.\u00a0 The novelty of parachuting had worn off, her ankles had begun to bother her but\u00a0\u00a0she was very reluctant to give up parachuting because, she said,\u00a0\u201cI breathe so much better up there, and it\u2019s so peaceful being that near to God.\u201d.\u00a0She retired permanently,\u00a0making her last jump in San Diego in 1922, with over 1,100 jumps\u00a0when she was just 29 years old.\u00a0Tiny\u2019s retirement from jumping did not come easily. She said: \u201cIt was terribly hard for me to settle down. I had so much pep and energy. I was lonesome for my work and occasionally made a few jumps.\u201d\u00a0She remained a powerful influence in the aviation field throughout her life. Tiny received many honors and awards in her lifetime. Among them are the U.S. Government Pioneer Aviation award and the John Glenn Medal. \u00a0She was the only woman in the 80 member Early Birds of Aviation. She also received the Gold Wings of the Adventurer\u2019s Club in Los Angeles, and was made an honorary member of the 82nd Airborne Division at Ft. Bragg. With that honor, she was told she could jump any time she chose. \u00a0At the May 5, 1964 Tiny Broadwick Night dinner during which Tiny donated her parachute, National Air Museum Director Philip S. Hopkins said, \u201cMeasured in feet and inches, her nickname \u2018Tiny\u2019 is obviously appropriate.\u00a0Measured by her courage and by her accomplishments, she stands tall among her many colleagues \u2014 the pioneers of flight.\u201d\u00a0On Nov 16, 1972, the Adventurers Club of Los Angeles held a \u201cTiny Broadwick Night\u201d. Norm Heaton of USPA presented her with her Gold Wings for her 1000+ jumps.Tiny Broadwick webpage<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-26\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"29\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n \u201cEthel Dare\u201dEthel Gilmore(1896-1924) <\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nEthel Gilmore was born January 20 \u201cillegitimate\u201d in Grand Ledge, Michigan to Josephine Gilmore and Frank Shattuck. Ethel married Frederick Harris on June\u00a0 20 1914 in Lansing, having one daughter\u00a0on April 20, 1914.Ethel began leaping from balloons in 1917;\u00a0 her daughter\u00a0Lonnie, who was living with her aunt\u00a0Bertha, died at the age of four on January 4, 1919\u00a0while Ethel was performing. The details are tragic, heartbreaking and too difficult to write!<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u201cFrank\u201d divorced her in March 1920 because of\u00a0 his wife\u2019s \u201cserial dare-deviltry destroyed his peace of mind and caused him untold anguish.\u201d Ethel claimed \u201ckeeping house was too tame.\u201d She married her second husband, Arthur Edward Johnson\u00a0on September 27 1920 in Kalamazoo, Michigan.Getting married again did not appear to deter Ethel, who began jumping from airplanes in 1921. She made her 600\u00a0th\u00a0leap during an air circus at Dayton, Ohio Thursday, Oct. 2, 1924. On Nov. 15, 1924, she was \u201cpulled from the fuselage of an airplane as she was preparing to make a parachute drop.\u201d Her broken body was found in a cornfield.There were at least two other \u201cEthel Dare\u201ds during that time,\u00a0\u00a0Deborah DeCostello,\u00a0killed during a jump October 1,\u00a0 1920 and Margaret Potteiger \/Margie Hobbs -\u201cThe Flying Witch\u201d (died 1970). Whether or not they worked together or even knew each other is speculative at best.Ethel Gilmore Johnson is\u00a0 buried with her daughter Lonnie in Riverside Cemetery\u00a0\u00a0in Kalamazoo, Michigan, under a stone that reads: Aviatrix Ethel Dare 1896-1924.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-27\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"30\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n Ethel Lillian Knutsen Broadwick(1897-1922)<\/h1><\/center>\n\nEthel Lillian Knutsen was born in Mankato, Minnesota to Martin and Elenia Knutsen. She moved to Long Beach, California in 1913. The sixteen year old was drawn to the excitement of aviation and would often be found at the Pike Amusement Park on the shore of Long Beach. Ethel met many of the early aviators, hired to entertain the crowds, including Tiny Broadwick. Ethel idolized Tiny and longed to become a daredevil aviator herself. After Tiny had severed her ties with Charles Broadwick and married Harold Brown, Ethel took Tiny\u2019s place dropping from airplanes, even taking her moniker.<\/p>\n\n\n\nCharles Broadwick, Tiny\u2019s adopted stepfather, was by 1916 experimenting with new parachute designs which Ethel would test.Ethel became Broadwick\u2019s second wife in 1918, his first wife having perished in a parachuting accident. Charles Broadwick was 44 and Ethel was 21.She continued performing stunts on airplanes, and testing new parachute and container designs with her husband when in February 1920, at the age of 23, she took her last flight from Marina Airfield near Monterey. During that jump from 2,000 feet,she was testing a new parachute that Broadwick had designed when the lines became tangled. As a camera filmed the tragedy, Ethel, fighting with the toggles was not able to clear the malfunction. She lived several day before succumbing to her injuries.She was laid to rest\u00a0in the Sunnyside Cemetery, Long Beach California.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-28\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"31\" >\n\n<\/div>\n Elsa Teresia Andersson(1897-1922) <\/h1><\/center>\n\nElsa Teresia Andersson was born on April 27 the daughter of a farmer in Str\u00f6velstorp was Sweden\u2019s first female\u00a0aviator\u00a0and stunt\u00a0parachutist.\u00a0 Full of determination and a taste for physical activity and adventure, she went shooting with the boys and she learned how to drive, cutting the image of a flapper sailing through the Swedish landscape. At age 24, she got accepted into Enoch Thulin\u00b4s flying school and became Sweden\u2019s first woman pilot(diploma #203). Elsa felt at home among the other (all male) aviators. \u00a0An embodiment of her own motto that \u2018courage and determination are the best qualities in a human being\u2019; an article from the time, stated:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u201cSuch a curious woman; silent, serene and completely lacking of nerves!\u201d\u00a0 In September 1921, Elsa decided to go\u00a0to Germany\u00a0to train under parachuting instructor Otto Heinecke; the course lasting a few weeks. Elsa made\u00a0 her first jump from\u00a02000 feet during an aerial exhibition in South of Sweden. A\u00a0glorious autumn day with 2000 spectators, Elsa was the most thrilling act on the bill. Elsa exited head first. It was a perfect jump; landing gently and jubilant in the lake grass. The men making fun of her\u00a0 parachute, called it a \u2018Heinecke sack\u2019, exclaiming \u201cYou\u2019d never get me in one of those, not for a million kronor!\u201d \u201cIt\u2019s a piece of cake\u201d Elsa cuts back with a smile.On a cold January Sunday in 1922,\u00a0standing on the wing,\u00a0left hand holding onto the wing, she waves to the crowd of thousands, gathered below on the ice of Lake\u00a0Alsen and jumps, doing a few somersaults,\u00a0she had trouble releasing her parachute, which finally unfolded barely above the treetops and she crashed into the ground; Elsa was killed during that jump.In 1926, the Swedish Aero Club erected a three-metre-high\u00a0obelisk\u00a0as a memorial in the place where she died.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-29\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"32\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n Lady Sophie Mary Heath(1897-1939) <\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\nOne hundred years ago, when male aviators flew only with ham sandwiches and hard boiled eggs, Sophie Heath, the first Irish woman to parachute from an airplane and the first to land in the middle of a football(soccer)match, piloted a tiny open-cockpit airplane from Cape Town, South Africa to London with a Bible, shotgun, a couple tennis rackets, six tea gowns and a fur coat. One of the best known women in the world during the 1920\u2019s, \u201cBritain\u2019s Lady Lindy,\u201d as she was known in the U.S. was the first pilot, male or female, to make that flight.\u201dA woman can fly across Africa wearing a Parisian frock and keeping her nose powdered all the way.\u201d\u2014Lady Sophie Mary Heath (1897-1939)<\/p>\n\n\n\nHaving the most tragic start in life, a beginning too horrible to consider, Sophie Catherine Theresa Mary Peirce-Evans, was born on the November 10th, 1896. While a toddler, her father beat her mother to death leaving little Sophie alone for hours with her mother\u2019s body. John Pierce-Evans was found guilty but insane and imprisoned, and Sophie was brought to live with her Grandfather. She showed an early talent and passion for sports, but her aunts forbid this \u2018unladylike\u2019 behavior. Sophie finally went to school in Dublin, where she could play hockey and tennis. One of very few women at the Royal College of Science in Ireland, she earned a degree in science specializing in agriculture, and she played hockey. During World War I, Sophie worked in England and France as a dispatch rider; her aunts were aghast, writing to relatives: \u201cFor Mercy\u2019s sake, don\u2019t let Sophie get hold of the girls.\u201dMoving to London in 1922, she helped found the Women\u2019s Amateur Athletic Association, promoting a full women\u2019s program at the Olympics and becoming a delegate to the International Olympic Council. She published \u201cAthletics for Women and Girls\u201d and by 1926 was representing the UK in Track and Field at the Women\u2019s International Games; she set a world record for the High Jump and became the first women\u2019s javelin champion in Britain. Her records for the shot-put and discus were not broken until the 1960\u2019s.It was then that Sophie took her first flying lessons, which unleashed a burning passion for aviation. During the latter half of the 1920\u2019s, Sophie was the most famous Irish woman on the planet, fighting prejudice and ignorance to become the first woman in the UK to get a commercial pilot\u2019s license. Her test included proving to a panel of men that she could control an aircraft at \u201cat all times of the month\u201d.Sophie had already set a number of altitude records when she married Sir James Heath in October of 1927. Lady Heath landed in the middle of a football match after becoming the first British woman to parachute from a plane, and in 1927, the first female pilot to win an open race. In July 1929, she wrote an article for Scientific American magazine, entitled \u2018Is Flying Safe?\u2019. Sophie would once gain experience tragedy when just before the National Air Races in 1929, she was badly injured in a plane crash. Lady Heath would never be the same after her accident.Running her own company near Dublin into the mid-1930\u2019s, helping produce a generation of pilots, and creating Aer Lingus airlines, Sophie Catherine Theresa Mary Peirce-Evans, the great Lady Mary Heath at the age of 42, died of head injury following a fall on a tramcar in 1939; the fall was thought to have been caused by an old blood clot from the 1929 crash.Her ashes were scattered over Surrey from an airplane flown by her husband although legend has it that her ashes were returned to Ireland and scattered over her native Newcastle West.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-30\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"33\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n Smaranda Br\u0103escu\u201cQueen of the Heights\u201d(1897\u20131948) <\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\nSmaranda Br\u0103escu was born in the village of H\u00e2n\u0163e\u015fti, Romania on July 24, 1897(same day as Amelia Earhart, was a\u00a0parachutist and aviation pioneer with multiple world records. In 1928, while in Germany, she bought a parachute, and jumped for the first time from 6000 m.<\/p>\n\n\n\nEarning her parachuting license on July 5, after a two day course of jumping without incident, she became the first female Romanian parachutist. On May 19, 1932, Smaranda set the world record for highest parachute jump from 6929 meters or 22733 feet, (surpassing her previous record by 476m) in\u00a0Sacramento, CA.\u00a0Thanks to her, Romania is the third country in the world, with a female parachutist. On August 17, 1930, at Satu-Mare, during a jump, she was seriously injured, remaining bedridden for six months. She owned two biplanes and in 1932, in her\u00a0Miles Hawk, established the record for crossing the Mediterranean Sea between Rome and Tripoli (1100\u00a0km in 6 hours and 10 minutes). In the same year, in Sacramento, Braescu establishes an absolute world record, previously held by an American at 21,733\u00a0ft, by jumping successfully from 24,000\u00a0ft (7,200m). From then on, she was a national hero, being escorted by 30 planes after being invited to an air show in Canada. She was in the medical wing on the Eastern Front during World War II, remaining active until May 12, 1945.\u00a0 She condemned the\u00a0November 1946 election, and was sent to prison for two years, where she died on February 2, 1948. She is thought to be\u00a0 buried in the Central Cemetery in Cluj, under the name of Maria Popescu. A street in Bucharest was named after her.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-31\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"34\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n Amelia Mary Earhart\u201cLady Lindy\u201d(1897\u20131937) <\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe world\u2019s most famous lady aviator, gave Stanley Switlik, James Strong and George Palmer Putnam the idea for parachute training towers; towers used by the U.S. Marines, in\u00a0Hightstown, New Jersey, and later by U.S. Army Airborne at Fort Benning. Strong and\u00a0Switlik sold towers to the\u00a0Romanian\u00a0and U.S. militaries;\u00a0 installing towers at\u00a0Fort Dix;\u00a0\u00a0four were installed in\u00a0Fort Benning, Georgia.Amelia \u2019s husband\u00a0 built a 115 foot tall tower on Switlit\u2019s farm (now Six Flags Great Adventure\u00a0in Ocean County NJ) to train airmen in parachute jumping, the first public jump from the tower was made by Lady Lindy on June 2, 1935, calling it: \u201cLoads of Fun<\/em>!\u201dBorn July 24,\u00a0to Samuel \u201cEdwin\u201d Stanton Earhart and Amelia \u201cAmy\u201d Otis,\u00a0at her grandfather Alfred Gideon Otis\u2019s home in\u00a0Atchison, Kansas, Amelia was a born daredevil. After graduating from Hyde Park High School in 1915, Amelia attended Ogontz, a girl\u2019s finishing school in the suburbs of Philadelphia. She left in the middle of her second year to work as a nurse\u2019s aide in a military hospital in Canada during WWI, attended college, and later became a social worker at Denison House, a settlement house in Boston.Amelia took her first flying lesson from Neta Snook\u00a0on January 3, 1921 and, in six months, managed to save enough money to buy her first plane, a Kinner Airster \u201cThe Canary\u201d and by October 22, 1922,\u00a0 started breaking records, with the\u00a0 women\u2019s altitude record of 14,000 feet. On\u00a0June 17-18, 1928, she became the\u00a0 first woman (as a passenger) to fly across the Atlantic, (20hrs 40min) in a Fokker F7, \u201cFriendship\u201d. In the Summer of 1928, Amelia bought an Avro Avian and later that fall, published her book, \u201c20 Hours 40 Minutes\u201d, toured, lectured and became aviation editor for Cosmopolitan magazine. In August of 1929, she placed third in the First Women\u2019s Air Derby, aka the Powder Puff Derby and upgraded from her Avian to a Lockheed Vega and by the fall of 1929\u00a0was elected as an official for National Aeronautic Association and encouraged the Federation Aeronautique Internationale (FAI) to establish separate world altitude, speed, and endurance records for women. In 1930, on\u00a0June 25,\u00a0 Amelia set the women\u2019s speed record for 100 kilometers,\u00a0and on\u00a0 July 5, set speed record for of 181.18mph over a 3K course: by September she helped to organize a new airline, New York, Philadelphia, and Washington Airways, becoming vice president of public relations.On February 7, 1931 she married her publicist, George P. Putnam, after his sixth proposal,\u00a0in Putnam\u2019s mother\u2019s house in Noank, Connecticut and two months later on\u00a0April 8, 1931, Amelia set\u00a0the altitude record of 18,415 feet in a Pitcairn Autogyro. The next year on\u00a0May 20-21, the 5th anniversary of Charles Lindbergh\u2019s flight, she became the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic; (14 hrs 56 min), receiving the\u00a0 National Geographic Society\u2019s gold medal from President Herbert Hoover and the Distinguished Flying Cross from Congress; she wrote \u201cThe\u00a0Fun of It\u201d about her journey. In 1932 she became the\u00a0first woman to fly solo nonstop coast to coast, setting the women\u2019s nonstop transcontinental speed record, flying 2,447.8 miles (19hrs 5min) and also, helped form and was named\u00a0president of the Ninety Nines. On\u00a0July 7-8, 1933 , Amelia broke her previous transcontinental speed record by making the same flight in 17hrs 7min. On\u00a0January 11, 1935\u00a0, she was the first person to solo across the Pacific between Honolulu and Oakland, California (2,408 miles); the first flight where a civilian aircraft carried a two-way radio. On April\u00a020, first person to fly solo from Los Angeles to Mexico City (13hrs 23min), May 8, first person to fly solo nonstop from Mexico City to Newark (14hrs 19min). On June 2,\u00a0 Amelia Earhart made the first public parachute jump from\u00a0Stanley Switlik\u2019s training tower. (Switlik went on to manufacture jump towers for the 1939 World\u2019s Fair, Coney Island, United States Marine Corp and U.S. Airborne forces at Fort Benning GA). On\u00a0March 17, 1937, her first attempt at circumnavigation of the globe,\u00a0Amelia and her navigator, Fred Noonan, along with Captain Harry Manning and Paul Mantz, flew from Oakland, California, to Honolulu, Hawaii, in 15 hours and 47 minutes. The attempt ended there due to\u00a0lubrication and galling problems.On June 1,\u00a0 1937,\u00a0Amelia took off in her twin-engine Lockheed Electra from\u00a0Miami, Florida with her navigator\u00a0Fred Noonan, on her second attempt to fly around the world (29,000-miles), reaching\u00a0Lae,\u00a0New Guinea, on June 29.\u00a0On\u00a0July 2, 1937, midnight\u00a0GMT, Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan took off from\u00a0Lae Airfield; never reaching\u00a0their intended destination of Howland Island. Her last known transmission at 8:43 a.m.: \u201cWe are on the line 157 337.\u00a0We will repeat this message. We will repeat this on 6210 kilocycles.\u201d\u2026\u2026\u2026\u201dWait. We are running on line north and south.\u201d<\/em>On July 19th, after searching 250,000 square miles of ocean, the United States government called off their search operation.Amelia Mary Earhart Putnam was declared death\u00a0in absentia on January 5, 1939.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-32\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"35\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\nSylvia Boyden(1899\u201319??) <\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAt the age of 19 years old, Sylvia Boyden was the first English girl to make a parachute leap from a balloon(1918).Sylvia is the first woman to make. a descent with- a \u201cpacked\u201d parachute. Previous descents made by women have been with open type parachutes, which were suspended ready for immediate release beneath the balloon basket.<\/p>\n\n\n\nA cheerful Miss Boyden, is quoted as saying that she jumped\u00a0\u201cfor the love of the experience.\u201d \u201cI did not. feel, in the least bit nervous, I sat on the edge of the basket, and could see the people like ants beneath me in the park. Somebody behind me said, \u2018Ready, go,\u2019 and I just slipped off into space. Looking up I saw the black tapes coming out of the parachute case, which was tied like a large muffin to one of the balloon stays just above the basket. Then the black silk parachute gradually swelled out. For a moment the air rushed past; then I just floated downwards as in a swing.\u201d\u201cWhen I reached the earth there way no greater shock than jumpingfrom say, a mantelpiece. I kept, my knees bent, and so came down,on all fours as light as a feather.\u201dI have been promised to be allowed to jump from an aeroplane in a few days, and I think this will\u00a0this be much thrilling.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-33\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"36\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\nLillian Boyer<\/strong>(1901 \u20131989)<\/strong><\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\n\nLillian Boyer was born on June 16, in Hooper Nebraska.In 1921 while working as a waitress in a restaurant, Lillian was invited by two customers to take an airplane ride. Eager to fly in an airplane, on a lark she agreed. On her second flight, she climbed out on\u00a0a wing of a Curtiss JN-4 \u201cJenny\u201d biplane and by\u00a0December 1921, she began training with pilot\u00a0Lt. Billy Brock, a former\u00a0World War I\u00a0pilot and\u00a0barnstormer. During her 8 year career as\u00a0one of the best known stunt people of the day, she performed 352 shows, earning $100 per appearance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\nLillian walked on the wings of planes, transferred herself from a moving car to a moving airplane 143 times, made\u00a037 parachute jumps, (13 into\u00a0Lake Erie) and hung under the airplanes by her teeth or toes until 1929 when federal regulations on low flying and unsafe planes forced an end to many barnstormers\u2019 careers. Lily, aka: Mrs. Ernest Werner died in February of 1989 at a San Diego convalescent hospital.\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/iframe><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-34\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"37\" >\n\n<\/div>\nGladys Roy<\/strong>(1902-1927)<\/strong><\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\nGladys Roy was a barnstormer during the 1920s, performing mostly in the Minneapolis, Minnesota and Hollywood, California area. Roy became a parachute jumper in 1921 and later a wing-walker, most famous for dancing the Charleston and for playing tennis on the upper wing of an airplane in flight<\/p>\n\n\n\n\nShe was the holder of the world\u2019s lowest record parachute jump for many \nyears and she also completed a parachute jump from 17,000 feet.\u00a0 She was\n in the movie business, appearing in \u201cThe Fighting Ranger\u201d (1925). She \nwas the sister of Robert \u201cLee,\u201d Charles \u201cLes,\u201d and Chadwick \u201cChad\u201d \nSmith, all prominent pilots who were inducted into Aviation Hall of \nFames. Gladys and Lt. Delmar Synder were planning a flight from New York\n to Rome, but she unfortunately walked into the spinning propeller of an\n aircraft that was sitting on the ground and died on August 15, 1927\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-35\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"38\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nPhoebe Jane Fairgrave Omlie(1902 \u2013 1975)<\/center><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nPhoebe Jane Fairgrave Omlie was born in\u00a0Des Moines, Iowa\u00a0on November 21.The day before she graduated, Phoebe witnessed a flyover commemorating\u00a0President Wilson\u2019s visit to Minneapolis and she began hanging around airfields, convincing a flight instructor to take her flying.\u00a0She acquired more flight time and used her inheritance to purchase a\u00a0Curtiss JN-4\u00a0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\nWhile still in her teens, Phoebe started wing walking, learned to parachute, hang below the plane by her teeth\u00a0and dance the\u00a0Charleston on the\u00a0wing.\u00a0She held the record for the highest parachute jump for a woman by jumping from her plane at 15,200\u00a0ft (4,600\u00a0m)\u00a0\u00a0and earned a movie deal, flying aerobatic stunts with\u00a0Vernon C. Omlie for the\u00a0\u00a0The Perils of Pauline.\u00a0\u00a0Fairgrave and Omlie flew around the country barnstorming\u00a0and they married in 1922.\u00a0Phoebe became the first woman to receive an\u00a0airplane mechanic\u2019s license, as well as becoming the\u00a0first\u00a0licensed\u00a0female\u00a0transport pilot.On August 5, 1936, Vernon was killed when a commercial flight crashed in\u00a0St. Louis\u00a0while attempting to land in fog. In 1941, when she took a job as \u201cSenior Private Flying Specialist of the\u00a0Civil Aeronautics Authority\u201d\u00a0training WWII pilots.\u00a0 Mrs. Omlie established over 60\u00a0 flight schools, including the school in\u00a0Tuskegee, Alabama\u00a0that would train the\u00a0Tuskegee Airmen.\u00a0With the Tennessee Bureau of Aeronautics, she established an \u201cexperimental\u201d program to train women as instructors.Phoebe stated: \u201cIf women can teach men to walk, they can teach them to fly.\u201d Phoebe Jane Fairgarves Omlie resigned in 1952 from the Civil Aeronautics Authority and left aviation.Phoebe made a little money as a public speaker and\u00a0spent her last few years\u00a0 in seclusion, living in a\u00a0flophouse\u00a0in\u00a0Indianapolis, fighting alcoholism.\u00a0Phoebe died on July 17, 1975 of lung cancer and is buried next to her husband in Forest Hill Cemetery.In June 1982, the new\u00a0air traffic control tower\u00a0 at the\u00a0Memphis International Airport was dedicated and named in honor of Phoebe and Vernon Omlie.\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-36\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"39\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\nRuth Blackman(1902-19??)<\/h1><\/center>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe \u201cLady Parachutist\u201d of Elmira, NY, Ruth Blackman made her first\u00a0jump from a hot air balloon, the one and only time not from a plane; she\u00a0 found jumping from an airplane much more thrilling. On August 19, 1920, 18-year-old Ruth jumped from the wing of an airplane at an altitude of 3,500 feet. Before a crowd of 43,000 spectators at the Wyoming County Fair, she climbed out onto the wing of the biplane piloted by Leon \u2018Windy\u2019 Smith.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u201cIt was so cold up there that my hands and legs seemed numb when I stepped out,\u201d she later told a newspaper reporter.\u00a0\u00a0\u201cAdded to this was the terrific force of the plane.\u201d\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Despite the cold and the wind, Blackman made it out onto the wing and, after a signal from Smith, stepped off the wing and jumped.\u201cI dropped like a rock for about 30 feet until I felt the parachute open and hold me securely.\u00a0\u00a0Then it was just an easy drop downward.When I got nearer the earth, I saw that I was likely to fall on top of a barn.\u00a0\u00a0I paddled with my feet to get away from that and then I had to do some maneuvering to avoid landing on a fence or in a tree.\u00a0\u00a0Finally I plumped right down in a bean field.\u201d\u00a0 Over the course of that summer, Ruth made 13 additional jumps at fairs throughout the Twin Tiers.\u00a0\u00a0They spiced up the routine with tricks like jumping with an open bag of flour and transferring between planes.\u00a0 That autumn she and Smith traveled to Atlanta, Georgia where they performed aerial stunts for a movie. The next year\u00a0\u2018Windy\u2019 Smith had a new partner, the 17-year-old\u00a0 girl Irene DeVere also from\u00a0Elmira, NY.It was Ruth\u2019s ambition to purchase her own plane and travel the country as a barnstormer. Maybe she did; so far after 1920, she has disappeared from the public record .\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-37\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"40\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\u201cIrene DeVere\u201d Lina Mae Freese(1903-2001)<\/center><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nLina Mae Freese was born in 1903 in Elmira, NY and raised by her grandmother; her mother had died when she was very young and her father was not around. The rugged and demanding life on a farm had established a strong will in Lina and a passion to seek adventure. Determined and unafraid, in\u00a0the summer of 1921 at the age of 18, she signed on with pilot Leon \u2018Windy\u2019 Smith and made her first jump over Mansfield, PA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\nShe continued to work with Smith for the next five years.\u00a0 The petite, 92 pound daredevil acquired the skills of a\u00a0 parachutist, wing walker and pilot.\u201cDaring Dolly DeVere\u201d performed at county fairs, local events, and demos from 1921 through 1924. She fearlessly flew, wing walked and parachuted as her troop traveled throughout northern Pennsylvania, New York\u2019s Southern Tier, and the surrounding Finger Lakes Region. In July of 1921, she scribbled a simple, direct message on a postcard sent to relatives in Florida:Dear Auntie & Uncle,<\/em>I am jumping from an aeroplane. I jumped 2,600 feet yesterday.<\/em>\u2013\u00a0Lina<\/em>Lina Mae Robertson died at the age of 98.\u00a0 She and her husband Al rest in a rural cemetery in New Hope, New York\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-38\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"41\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\u201cTreeTops\u201dFlorence Gunderson Klingensmith (1904\u20131933)<\/center><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\nFlorence Gunderson Klingensmith \u201cTree Tops\u201d became a stunt parachutist at the age 23 to pay for flying lessons. She became the first licensed female pilot in North Dakota,\u00a0competed against men and women in various races throughout the country and in 1929,\u00a0 joined ninety-eight other female pilots to form the Ninety-Nines, the pioneering organization of female pilots.<\/p>\n\n\n\nFlorence Edith was born September 3, to Gustave and Florence (Parker) Gunderson on a small farm in\u00a0Oakport Township, Minnesota and with her sister Myrtle and brothers George and Roy attended Oak Mound School. Her father \u201cGust\u201d was the school janitor and bus driver. In 1918 her family moved to Moorhead, Minnesota, where the fourteen year old\u00a0 daredevil tomboy took up riding motorcycles. and terrorizing the neighbors.Florence Gunderson married Charles Klingensmith on June 25, 1927.\u00a0 Just two months later, on August 26, she witnessed Charles Lindbergh touch down at the Hector Air Field in Fargo, ND. and decided at that moment to become a pilot herself. In early 1928, Florence started taking classes at an auto school in Fargo, worked as a mechanic\u2019s apprentice at Hector Field and began taking flying lessons. Her instructor, Edwin Mead Canfield, asked her to be his stunt girl in area flying exhibitions; she agreed to take the job in exchange for more lessons. Her first skydive in June of 1928 was nearly her last; she lost consciousness but was determined to continue. Charles divorced her by late 1928.She realized she needed her own plane if she wanted to make a living as a pilot. She recruited Fargo businessmen to buy her a plane in exchange for free advertising. In April 1929, she bought a Monocoupe she named \u201cMiss Fargo\u201d\u00a0 earning her the new nickname, \u201cTree Tops\u201dOn April 19, 1930, she broke the women\u2019s record(unofficial)for inside loops, at 143. On June 22, 1931, at Wold Chamberlain Field\u00a0 in Minneapolis, with 50,000 spectators and officials watching, \u201cTree Tops\u201d flew for over four hours and completed 1,078 loops.In 1932, she was the first winner of the Amelia Earhart Trophy.On September 4, 1933, \u00a0after completing her eighth lap at the Frank Phillips Trophy Race outside Chicago, her overpowered(650 Hp) BEE Gee Model Y Senior Sportster came apart due to stress. The plane nose-dived from an altitude of 350 feet, killing her on impact. A parachute was tangled in the fuselage indicated that she may have attempted to escape the airplane.Florence Klingensmith was returned home to Minnesota for burial. Her funeral was attended by her fellow pilots; the Fargo businessmen who had financed her first plane served as her pallbearers. She was interred in the Gunderson family lot at Oak Mound Cemetery, a few miles from where she was born. In June 2015, a monument to was erected at her gravesite. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-39\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"42\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u201cRusty\u201d Faye Cox Rogers(1907 \u2013 2005)<\/center><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nFaye Cox Rogers, born in Red Cloud, Nebraska on May 25, worked\u00a0keeping books and pumping gas\u00a0 in McCook, Neb. wishing she were somewhere else. In February 1930, her cousin, M.C. Cox had just lost his parachute jumper and needed a replacement. \u201cFaye begged and pleaded,\u201d said friend Jerry Bisgard. \u201cShe really wanted that job bad.\u201d On Feb. 17,\u00a0with less than an hour\u2019s worth of training, Faye made her first parachute jump from an Alexander Eaglerock and was paid $100. \u201cWhen she hit the ground, she was ready to go right back up,\u201d said Jerry.Always jumping with a bag of flour, tearing it open to let the flour trail behind her, she quickly became known as the \u201cfamous girl chute jumper.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\nBy the end of 1930, she was setting records for both endurance and altitude. In Denver, she won the \u201cendurance record\u201d for women, jumping four times in three hours and in Oklahoma City, she jumped 22 times in seven hours. She also held the world\u2019s altitude record of 18,256 feet. Landing on rooftops, in the middle of the street\u2014just about anywhere the sponsor wanted,\u00a0she even made a perfect landing on top of a milk cow. In Cheyenne, she made a night jump, where her flares fell off and she landed, unseen, in a field. Search parties found her hitchhiking on the Torrington highway.\u00a0She later was quoted, \u201cI\u2019m so tame now, even I sometimes wonder if I did all those things\u201d. Rusty\u00a0\u00a0broke her right arm once, her right leg twice, and her right foot three times. \u201cI can\u2019t really explain why I kept on.\u201d she said, \u201cbut when you\u2019re young, you\u2019re too proud to admit you\u2019d much rather bake bread than jump out of a plane.\u201dDuring World War II, she held an airman\u2019s certificate as a parachute rigger, technician and ground instructor, one of the first in the nation. She operated schools, training the much-needed riggers,\u00a0 jumping to show the students that she had confidence in her work, but secretly, she later said it was the only way she could jump for fun during the war.In October 1948, she married Robert Rogers, who asked her to \u201csettle down\u201d and quit jumping.\u00a0 She agreed ending her 16-year career with a total of 530 jumps.Always loving adventure, when she no could longer could feel the vertical wind, she would feel the\u00a0 horizontal wind in her hair. \u201cShe loved cars,\u201d said Bisgard, \u201cespecially Corvettes and Cadillacs.\u201dIn 1967, Faye retired from the Colorado State Treasurer\u2019s office as an accountant.\u00a0Faye Lucille Cox Rogers was inducted into the Colorado Aviation Hall of Fame in 1974.In her early 90s\u00a0she purchased a motor home and\u00a0\u201cwould blow down the road at incredible speeds,\u201d said her friend. \u201cShe\u2019d just have the time of her life, but she didn\u2019t like anyone to pass her.\u201dShe passed away peacefully in her Aurora home at the age of 97\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-40\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"43\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nFay Gillis Wells(1908 \u2013 2002)<\/center><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\nOn\u00a0September 1929 Fay Gillis Wells Became the first woman pilot to bail out of an airplane to save her life;\u00a0becoming the 2nd Female Caterpillar(Irene McFarland was the first woman in the club-1925).\u00a0 A founding member of the\u00a0Ninety-Nines, a journalist who pioneered overseas radio broadcasting with her husband Linton Wells, Fay was a\u00a0White House\u00a0correspondent from 1963 to 1977.\u00a0 For many years she actively promoted world friendship through flying. Fay Gillis Wells received many awards in the fields of aviation and broadcasting. These included: 1972 Woman of the Year by OX5, 1984 Women\u2019s Aerospace Achievement Award, 1998 Esther Van Wagoner Tufty Award, 2001 Katherine Wright Award for outstanding contributions to aviation, 2002 Amelia Earhart Pioneering Achievement Award, and the American Women in Radio and Television Lifetime Achievement Award. In 1995,\u00a0Gene\u00a0and\u00a0Carolyn Shoemaker, named Asteroid\u00a04820\u00a0in her honor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-41\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"44\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\nJessie Woods(1909-2001)<\/center><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nJessie Woods flew as a stunt pilot, scampered about on wings, parachuted and performed gymnastics on rope ladders. She was also a mechanic and helped her barnstormer husband create the Flying Aces, the longest-running of the air circuses; she flew with the Civil Air Patrol during WW II, became a commercial flight and ground instructor,\u201cI soloed an airplane. I learned how to wing-walk, parachute, do rope-ladder work. I learned how to grind valves. I finally figured out I was getting used. I learned to live without eating, sleep without a bed. I learned everything you saw wasn\u2019t necessarily what it looked like.\u201d<\/em>and, at age 81, rode the wing again.<\/p>\n\n\n\nJessie Schulz was born on January 27, the daughter of William and Clara Miller Schulz, on the family farm near Seward, Kansas. Jessie was a music student at Washington State University, living for the summer with her family in Ulysses, Kansas, when on Aug. 28, 1928, she eloped to Wichita with James H. \u201cJimmie\u201d Woods, a barnstormer who had come to town. The following year she and Jimmie would found the Flying Aces Air Circus, the longest running air circus in US history and Jessie would become a stunt pilot and wingwalker. She would dangle from a ladder mounted under the plane; she would parachute from the wings. After the Flying Aces folded in 1938 she became a pilot instructor. She and Jimmie would later train pilots for the military and during WWII Jessie would fly for the Civil Air Patrol. After Jimmie Woods, who became a legend himself because of the connection with the \u201cFlying Aces\u201d circus, died Feb. 6, 1958,\u00a0Jessie continued flying all over her home country, gaining a commercial pilot\u2019s license.\u00a0 She was employed by the State of Washington and in 1967, was named the\u00a0state of Washington\u2019s pilot of the year. In 1994 she was inducted into the Women in Aviation International Pioneer Hall of Fame. In 1985 she was elected to the OX5 Aviation Pioneers Hall of Fame; in 1991, she received the A.E. Aviation Award from the Zonta Club of St. Petersburg, Florida; in 1994, she was the only woman to be honoured as an Eagle at the Gathering of Eagles,\u00a0Maxwell Air Force BaseJesse was a member of the Ninety-Nines,\u00a0International Women Pilots and OX 5 Pioneers.Jessie retired from flying in 1994 and died on\u00a0 March 17, at Great Bend,\u00a0Kansas, at the age of 92. She was buried at Fairview Park Cemetery in\u00a0St. John, Kansas.<\/p>\n\n\n\nJessie\u2019s Last Ride<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<\/iframe><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-42\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"45\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\nElinor Smith\u201cThe Flying Flapper\u201d(1911 \u2013 2010)<\/center><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nElinor Smith took to the air in 1916 at age 6 and at age 8, with\u00a0blocks tied to the rudder pedals, took flying lessons from\u00a0Clyde Pangborn, becoming the youngest woman to fly solo at the age of 15\u00a0 and, at 16,\u00a0the youngest licensed pilot in the world, man or woman. Elinor was the\u00a0 first woman to be pictured on a\u00a0Wheaties\u00a0box, the\u00a0first female Executive Pilot (for Irvin(g)\u00a0Air Chute Company), the first woman\u00a0test pilot\u00a0for both\u00a0Fairchild\u00a0and Bellanca and a\u00a0record-setting speed, altitude and endurance flyer, often performing\u00a0 fund-raisers for the poor and needy during the Great Depression.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\nBorn Elinor Regina Patricia Ward on August 17, in New York City, to Thomas and Agnes Ward, both famous Vaudevillians. Her comedian, singer and dancer father, who took the stage name Tom Smith,\u00a0hated trains so, while on the road, hired pilots to take him from town to town.\u00a0\u201cMy earliest memory was at dinner with Dad using a knife to show us how the controls of a plane worked.\u201d\u00a0\u00a0<\/em>In 1918, at the age of six, along with her brother Joe, she took her first plane ride in a\u00a0Farman\u00a0pusher\u00a0from a potato field on Long Island.\u00a0\u00a0She immediately fell in love with flying, and took several rides that summer with\u00a0Louis Gaubert.\u00a0\u201cI remember so vividly my first time aloft that I can still hear the wind swing in the wires as we glided down, by the time the pilot touched the wheels gently to earth, I knew my future in airplanes and flying was as inevitable as the freckles on my nose.\u201d<\/em>Tom Smith\u00a0 bought an open-cockpit Waco 10 biplane and Elinor insisted on taking lessons.\u00a0She first soloed when she was 15;\u00a0at the age of 16, became the youngest person to earn a pilot\u2019s license (signed by Orville Wright) from the Federation Aeronautique International, and the next year\u00a0 was taking passengers on short flights from Roosevelt Field over Long Island. Then, on Oct. 21, 1928 on a dare, the blue-eyed, 5-foot-3, curly blond, teenager flew her father\u2019s\u00a0Waco 10\u00a0under all four of\u00a0New York City\u2019s\u00a0East River\u00a0bridges; she is the only person to ever do so.\u00a0\u00a0She had to dodge several ships while\u00a0newsreel crews were there to film her at each bridge (Curtiss Field\u00a0regulars alerted the media).\u00a0She had her license suspended for 15 days. but the stunt\u00a0 made the \u201cFlying Flapper\u201d\u00a0a pioneering woman in aviation, along with\u00a0 Bobbi Trout, Katherine Stinson, Pancho Barnes , Fay Gillis Wells, Louise McPhetridge Thaden and Amelia Earhart.On January 30, 1929, taking off from Mitchel Field, flying an open cockpit\u00a0Bruner Winkle\u00a0biplane, she set the women\u2019s solo endurance record of 13 \u00bd hours, and three months later, she did it again with a 26 \u00bd-hour flight.\u00a0In June 1929 the\u00a0\u00a0Irving Parachute Company, hired her to tour the United States, piloting a\u00a0Bellanca Pacemaker\u00a0on a 6,000-mile tour and making 18-year-old Elinor Smith the first female Executive Pilot; during the air races in\u00a0Cleveland,\u00a0she was the jump pilot for the first seven-man parachute drop.\u00a0Flying out of Metropolitan Airport\u00a0in\u00a0Los Angeles, she and Bobbi Trout set the first official women\u2019s record for endurance with mid-air refueling. They were aloft 42\u00bd hours in a\u00a0300-horsepower Sunbeam\u00a0biplane. Smith did the flying and Trout handled the fueling.\u00a0\u00a0In March 1930 she\u00a0 attained the record altitude of 27,419 feet; her\u00a0NBC\u00a0broadcast interview after that flight won her a job covering the world of aviation, including live broadcasts from air shows and interviews with other prominent aviators.\u00a0In 1930, she set the women\u2019s altitude record of 27,419 feet and three months later 32,576 feet. The same year Elinor\u00a0set a woman\u2019s world speed record of 190.8 miles per hour in a Curtiss\u00a0military aircraft. An October 1930 a poll of licensed pilots selected her as the \u201cBest Woman Pilot in America\u201d.In 1933 Elinor Smith married New York State legislator and attorney\u00a0Patrick H. Sullivan,\u00a0and once she had her first child, she retired from flying and raiseda total of four children.\u00a0Her husband died in 1956, and Elinor returned to aviation. Her membership in the\u00a0Air Force Association\u00a0allowed her to pilot\u00a0Lockheed T-33\u00a0jet trainers and to take up\u00a0C-119s\u00a0for paratrooper maneuvers. In March 2000 at the\u00a0Ames Research Center,\u00a0Moffett Field,\u00a0California, she became the oldest pilot to succeed in a simulated shuttle landing and in April 2001, at the age of 89, she flew an experimental C33\u00a0Raytheon\u00a0AGATE,\u00a0Beech Bonanza\u00a0at\u00a0Langley Air Force Base,\u00a0Virginia.On March 19, Elinor Smith Sullivan died at a nursing home in Palo Alto, CA, leaving a son,\u00a0three daughters, five grandchildren and four great-grandchildren.\u00a0She was 98.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-43\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"46\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\nKatarina Matanovi\u0107 Kulenovi\u0107 \n(1913\u20132003)<\/center><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n  Born near Osijek, Croatian province of the Austro-Hungarian Empire on March 18, Katarina Matanovi\u0107 Kulenovi\u0107  became the first female Croatian pilot and the first East European woman parachutist.   Katarina was born in the village Vuka near Osijek.\u00a0Her father died when she was 16 years and  with her sister Paula moved to Zagreb. She lived in\u00a0Zagreb\u00a0from 1918 and enrolled in the Aero-Club Pilot School, becoming a pilot in the\u00a0Yugoslav Royal Air Force\u00a0in 1936. In June 1938  in Belgrade, she parachuted into the air show in\u00a0Zemun\u00a0becoming the first woman parachutist in the eastern Europe.From 1943 she served in World War II where she became a Lieutenant in the Croatian Air Force flying an Avia FL-3. In 1944, she lost her pilot husband Namik Kulenovi\u0107 who was shot down by the  Allies. She was injured,losing a leg, in the bombing of Zagreb the same year.After the war, she was persecuted by the Communist authorities, thrown out of the apartment and forbidden to fly.In 1998, Katarina received the\u00a0Order of Danica Hrvatska-the Order of Croatia with the image of Franjo Bucar, for the contribution to sports from Croatian president\u00a0Franjo Tu\u0111man and in November\u00a0 2001 she was re-admitted to Aeroclub of Zagreb and after 56 years, symbolically returning to aviation.Katarina died on April 2, 2003 at the age of 80. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-44\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"47\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\nHelen Naomi Heron-Maxwell \n(1913\u20131983)<\/center><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n Naomi or \u201cMaxie\u201d as her fellow ATA aviators liked to call her, logged 104 parachute jumps during the early 1930\u2019s while with Sir Alan John Cobham\u2019s \u201cCobham\u2019s Flying Circus\u201d giving thousands of people their first experience of flying with her dare-devil aerial performances. Naomi worked very hard to establish parachuting as a sport with her jumping and her demonstrations but also with her detailed lectures \u2018Learning to Leap : First Adventures of a Parachutist\u2019. Naomi was famous for parachuting but her great love was Soaring (gliders\/sailplanes). She was the first British woman to earn the Silver C (FAI Glider Badge); translating Wolf Hirth\u2019s book, \u2018The Art of Soaring\u2019 into english as an exchange for her lessons and soaring time at the Hornberg in the Central Black Forest.After the outbreak of WWII World War II, she flew more than fifty different airplanes for the British Air Transport Auxiliary (ATA) including Spitfires, Mustangs, B-25s and Mosquitoes, achieving the rank of First Officer and 4+ qualifications to fly heavy twins.Born on June 25, 1913, the daughter of Sir Ivor Walter Heron Heron-Maxwell and Norah Henrietta Parker of Springkell, U.K.Naomi married Francis Cecil Harold Allen on March 2,1938, and on New Years Eve 1957 she married Howard Dale Thomas. Nicholas John Thomas was born on July 10,1958.Naomi\u2019s son had very little clue that his mother was anything more than a mom until she passed in 1983 and found her diaries.http:\/\/cvvrc.lcvm.com.br\/\u2026\/THE%20ART%20OF%20SOARING%20FLIGH\u2026<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-45\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"48\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\nBirdie Draper \u201cQueen of Daredevils\u201d (1916-2005)<\/center><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nBirdie Draper was a famous\u00a0parachutist\u00a0and death defying performer, making her first jump on June 6, 1937 Birdie Viola was born in 1916 to Sophie Draper in Hennepin,\u00a0Minnesota just outside of Minneapolis. At age 20, Birdie  began training as a parachutist with Stub Chrissinger at Hincks Flying Service. After her training, Birdie joined a stunt group called the Thrill Day Performers. She became known as the \u201cQueen of Daredevils\u201d performing at thrill shows and fairs throughout the country. After joining the \u201cDeath Fighters,\u201d Birdie expanded her act to include automobile stunts. One particular stunt involved an 18 inch brick wall, an old car, 16 sticks of dynamite, and Birdie at the wheel.  During the 1940s Birdie traded in her stunt career for a position at Ryan Aeronautical Company in San Diego as a licensed parachute rigger. She also became part of the newly organized parachute troop of the Women\u2019s Ambulance and Transport Corps of California (WATCC). Draper married George Griffin, and retired from Ryan Aeronautical Company in 1945. She died November 1,\u00a02005. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-46\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"49\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\nAdeline Gray(1918-1975)<\/center><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\nAdeline Gray was born to Martin and Pauline Gray, German\/Russian immigrants. Adeline began jumping at age of 19 and worked for\u00a0Pioneer Parachute Co. of Manchester, Connecticut as a\u00a0parachute rigger.\u00a0She\u00a0 and had completed 32 jumps and was the only licensed female parachute jumper in Connecticut, when on\u00a0 June 6,\u00a0 1942, she volunteered for the first descent with a nylon canopy, over Brainard Field, Hartford, Conn.\u201cBack home in Oxford, I used to take an umbrella and jump off the hayloft holding it over my head like a parachute. But I ruined many umbrellas.\u201d<\/em> \u2013\u00a0Adeline Gray- <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-47\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"50\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\nJean Ethel Burns(1919-2019)><\/center><\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nJean Burns was born in the Melbourne suburb of East Brunswick to Robert Burns, a  merchant seaman who married Jean\u2019s mother in Cardiff, Wales during WWI.  Moving  to Australia in 1919, she attended MacRobertson Girls\u2019 High  School, Albert Park, South Melbourne. Jean was the  first Australian woman to parachute from an airplane over Australian  soil. In early 1937 Jean obtained her pilots licence and became  Australia\u2019s youngest female pilot; she held the record for 15 years,  until 17-year-old Brigid Holmes. Miss Jean Burns on  November 21, 1937 achieved the distinction  Australia\u2019s first woman parachutist by jumping from  3,200ft from the  Airco DH4  Spirit of Melbourne, piloted by Mr. Howard Morris; more than  2,000 people witnessed the jump. Saying of the jump: \u201cOne day at  Essendon we were watching a parachute descent and one of the club pilots  said he would not leave a plane even if it were on fire. I said that I  would: nothing to it, just hop out, pull the ripcord and float down. He  bet me a couple of hours on his account that I would not be game if he  could arrange it. Arrange it he did with Felix Mueller, and I got my  hours.\u201d Jean made about a dozen jumps, over a period of little over a  year. In July 2006, Jean  got to meet Howard Morris whose father was the pilot of the DH4 which Jean had jumped. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-48\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"51\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n The Air Mail Act of 1925, the Air Commerce Act in 1926 and theCivil Aeronautics Act in 1938 coupled with the shortage of Curtiss JN-4 \u201cJenny\u201daircraft and the growing public aversion to dare devil stunts put an end to barnstorming and stunt\/sport parachuting unti the end of the Second World War.Women in parachuting took on a new form, the Woman Warriors<\/a> <\/h3>\n\t\t<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-49\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_block\" data-index=\"52\" >\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-51\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_media_gallery\" data-index=\"54\" ><div id='gallery-5' class='gallery galleryid-15 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/monsieur-and-madame-garnerin\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Jeanne_Labrosse-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-5-272\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-5-272'>\n\t\t\t\tMonsieur and Madame Garnerin\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/jeanne-genevieve-garnerin\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Jeanne-Genevieve-Garnerin-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/early-years\/attachment\/monsieur-and-madame-garnerin-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Monsieur_and_Madame_Garnerin_by_Christoph_Haller_von_Hallerstein_1771_-_1839-1-1024x852-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-5-274\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-5-274'>\n\t\t\t\tMonsieur and Madame Garnerin\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div id=\"panel-15-2-0-52\" class=\"widget_text so-panel widget widget_custom_html panel-last-child\" data-index=\"55\" ><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-15-3\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-15-3-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell panel-grid-cell-empty\" ><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-15-4\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-15-4-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-15-5\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-15-5-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell panel-grid-cell-empty\" ><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-15-6\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-15-6-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-15-6-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_media_image panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"57\" ><h3 class=\"widget-title\">Jeanne-Genevi\u00e8ve Garnerin<\/h3><figure style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"250\" src=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Monsieur_and_Madame_Garnerin_by_Christoph_Haller_von_Hallerstein_1771_-_1839-1-1024x852-1-300x250.jpg\" class=\"image wp-image-274  attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" srcset=\"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Monsieur_and_Madame_Garnerin_by_Christoph_Haller_von_Hallerstein_1771_-_1839-1-1024x852-1-300x250.jpg 300w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Monsieur_and_Madame_Garnerin_by_Christoph_Haller_von_Hallerstein_1771_-_1839-1-1024x852-1-768x639.jpg 768w, http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Monsieur_and_Madame_Garnerin_by_Christoph_Haller_von_Hallerstein_1771_-_1839-1-1024x852-1.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monsieur and Madame Garnerin<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ladies of Skydiving The Early Years 1799&#8212;1942<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"full-width-page.php","meta":{"episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15"}],"version-history":[{"count":71,"href":"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51,"href":"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15\/revisions\/51"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/parachutists.org\/ladiesofskydiving.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}